Tashkeel
type: channel
description: Tashkeel ISSN(Online): 3007-3294 ISSN(Print): 3007-3286 “Tashkeel” is an Urdu research and critical inquiry Journal published by the department of Urdu, University of Jhang. The main theme of the journal is to promote the quality research culture in the field of Urdu language and literature. This journal is double-blind peer reviewed as per HEC Policy with focusing on complete transparency and research ethics. The journal is published bi-annually and issued for the goodwill of the research in the field of Urdu on non-profit bases.
publisher: Department of Urdu, University of Jhang
language: en
publication name: Tashkeel
issn: 3007-3286
items: Feminist Elements in Khalida Hussain's Short Stories: An Analytical Study
items: Marxist Critical Perspective of Farhat Parveen's Short Story
items: Tehseen Sabai Walvi: An Unsung Poet of Urdu and Saraiki Literature
items: Kishwar Naheed's Literary Columns: An Analytical Study
items: Cultural Resurgence in Novel Khas o Khashak Zamanay
items: The Novel and Social Awareness: An Analytical Study of Child Rights in Ali Arshad Rana's Novel
items: Enlightened Islamic Thought in Urdu Writings of Dr. Manzoor Ahmad
items: Gender Discrimination in Urdu Short Stories: An Analysis of Collection "Adha Insan"
items: Fall of Dhaka and Urdu Novel
items: Fiction and Magical Realism: An Analysis of a Story by Mazhar ul Islam
items: Transformative Translation of Paulo Coelho’s novel: "By the River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept": An Analytical Review
items: Tradition of Manuscript Studies in East and West and Contemporary Trends
items: A Deconstructive Study of Urdu Short Story"Aanandi"
items: Existentialism, Environmentalism and Maut ki Kitaab
items: Social and Literary Perspectives of Feminism: An Expository Study
items: The War Frenzy of Global Power in the Context of Novel “Pagal Khana”: An Analytical Study
items: “Mir Shanasi” in Histories of Urdu Literature: A Research Study
items: Distinctions of Form, Technique and Style in Urdu Poetry of Siddique Shahid
items: The Calamity of local Identity in Novel “Adh Adhooray Log”
items: William Empson and New Criticism: Representation of Seven Types of Ambiguity in Urdu Poetry
items: Foregrounding in Majeed Amjad’s Lyrical Poetry: An Analytical Study
items: A Research Study of Tradition of Nastalgia in Urdu Literature
items: Discourse of Resistance in Literature and Society
items: An Analytical Study of Ahmad Javed’s Short Story writing
items: A Brief Study of Mustansar Hussain Tarar’s Dramatic collection “Murat”
items: Symbolism in Urdu Short Stories: An Analytical and Critical Study
items: A Study of De-Colonial Trends in Short Stories of Prem Chand
items: Linguistic Links between Balochi and Urdu Language

Feminist Elements in Khalida Hussain's Short Stories: An Analytical Study
type: item
description: Khalida Hussain is a unique and distinguished short story writer of this era. She is considered one of the pioneers of modern Urdu Short Stories. Materialism, existentialism, feminism, fear, nostalgia, terror, psychological issues and human inner complexes, concepts of time and death and social issues are main themes of her stories. She has a variety of dimensions in her concept of feminism. It contains child marriage, mismatched marriage, a woman’s love for a man, a man’s infidelity to a woman, a woman’s disrespect, and disinheritance from property, women exploitation, gender discrimination etc. This article tends to explore her opinion regarding mentioned feminist elements in her short stories.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Khalida Hussain
  topic: keywords
subject: Feminist Elements
  topic: keywords
subject: Feminism
  topic: keywords
subject: Women exploitation
  topic: keywords
subject: Child marriage,
  topic: keywords
subject: Aadhi Aurat
  topic: keywords
subject: Gung Shahzadi
  topic: keywords
subject: Jeeny ki Pabandi
  topic: keywords
subject: Cheeni ka piyala
  topic: keywords
subject: A Dead Letter
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Parvaiz Akhtar Naeem
creator: Dr. Humaira Jabeen
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tashkeel
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 12

Marxist Critical Perspective of Farhat Parveen's Short Story
type: item
description: This paper critically examines Farhat Parveen’s short story “Aankhein Na Kholna” through the lens of Marxist literary theory. It explores how Karl Marx’s foundational concepts such as class struggle, alienation, materialism, and dialectical thinking can be applied to literary texts to reveal the underlying socio-economic structures and power dynamics. The story is analyzed as a reflection of a class divided society, where the ruling bourgeoisie exploits the labor and dignity of the proletariat. The narrative shows how systemic injustice is internalized by the oppressed, often justified as fate, which Marx termed "ideological conditioning." Thinkers like Engels, Althusser, Lenin, and Gramsci are referenced to explain how literature serves as a tool of both resistance and control. The article argues that Marxist criticism demands literature to side with the marginalized and portray the lived realities of the working class. Farhat Parveen's story, through the tragic depiction of class disparity and societal apathy, becomes a powerful critique of capitalist ideology and a call for awareness and change. Thus, literature is not viewed merely as an artistic endeavor but as an active participant in social transformation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Karl Marx
  topic: keywords
subject: Engels
  topic: keywords
subject: Althusser
  topic: keywords
subject: Class struggle
  topic: keywords
subject: Dialectical thinking
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio-Economic structures
  topic: keywords
subject: Power dynamic
  topic: keywords
subject: Farhat Parveen
  topic: keywords
subject: Ankhein Na Kholna
  topic: keywords
subject: Urdu Short Stories
  topic: keywords
subject: Alienation
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Afshan Batool
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tashkeel
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 70
ending page: 84

Tehseen Sabai Walvi: An Unsung Poet of Urdu and Saraiki Literature
type: item
description: Tehseen Sabai Walvi, a significant yet underrecognized poet, contributed extensively to Urdu and Saraiki literature, establishing a distinctive position among his contemporaries. His upcoming collection, Hadisa e Wafa, symbolizes his dedication to Urdu poetry, which, though revered for its quality, remains largely unpublished. Walvi explored nearly all literary genres, enriching both Urdu and Saraiki traditions. His work reflects themes of national identity intertwined with cultural heritage, particularly in the Saraiki language's legendary capital. Financial constraints impeded the publication of his complete Urdu works, creating a gap in literary history. Further research into his unpublished works could provide critical insights into his contributions and the development of regional literature.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tehseen Sabai Walvi
  topic: keywords
subject: Hadisa-e-Wafa
  topic: keywords
subject: Urdu and Saraiki literature
  topic: keywords
subject: Urdu Ghazal
  topic: keywords
subject: Urdu poetry
  topic: keywords
subject: Khudabakhsh Ibrat
  topic: keywords
subject: Janbaz Jatoi.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Muhammad Asghar Sial
creator: Dr. Ahmad Hussain Haadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tashkeel
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 22
ending page: 40

Kishwar Naheed's Literary Columns: An Analytical Study
type: item
description: Kishwar Naheed, a prominent Pakistani poetess, writer, and literary columnist, is known for her profound contributions to Urdu literature. Her work often explores themes of feminism, social justice, and resistance, reflecting her commitment to giving voice to the marginalized, especially women. As a literary columnist, Naheed brings a unique perspective, blending her poetic sensibility with a fierce critical eye. Her columns address contemporary socio-political issues, examining the complexities of Pakistani society with a focus on cultural and literary traditions. Through her writing, Naheed not only critiques societal norms but also celebrates resilience, drawing from personal experiences and cultural heritage to advocate for progressive change. This article attempts to analyze the central themes of her literary columns, which she regards as addressing the pressing needs of the present time.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kishwar Naheed
  topic: keywords
subject: Literary Columns
  topic: keywords
subject: Feminism
  topic: keywords
subject: resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio-polictical Issues
  topic: keywords
subject: Pakistani Society
  topic: keywords
subject: Progressive change
  topic: keywords
subject: Dukkan e Mata e Hunar
  topic: keywords
subject: Zakhm Bardashta
  topic: keywords
subject: Gumshuda Yaadon ki wapesi
  topic: keywords
creator: Rabiya Anmol
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tashkeel
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 41
ending page: 53

Cultural Resurgence in Novel Khas o Khashak Zamanay
type: item
description: In the 20th century, Urdu literature embraced new genres and themes, with the novel emerging as a powerful medium to depict contemporary life and socio-cultural realities. While cultural discourse in Urdu literature is relatively recent, evolving political and social conditions made its inclusion essential. Literature, both prose and poetry, began reflecting cultural concerns tied closely to civilization and the individual. Civilization stems from collective needs and structured living, while culture arises from aesthetic pursuits that define identity. Culture plays a vital role in shaping national recognition through customs, values, and traditions. Khas-o-Khashak Zamana, a novel by Mustansar Hussain Tarar, serves as a significant example of cultural recovery. It portrays a society in flux, undergoing intense socio-political and cultural transformations. The narrative explores how individuals either cling to their cultural roots or abandon tradition and identity for survival. The novel becomes a lens to study cultural preservation and erosion in modern contexts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cultural Resurgence
  topic: keywords
subject: Curltural Discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: Civilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural Identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Recovery
  topic: keywords
subject: Khas-O-Khashak Zamanay
  topic: keywords
subject: Mustansar Hussain Tarar
  topic: keywords
subject: Trasnformations
  topic: keywords
subject: Bazyaft
  topic: keywords
creator: Hajra Riaz
creator: Dr. Naheed Qamar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tashkeel
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 54
ending page: 69

The Novel and Social Awareness: An Analytical Study of Child Rights in Ali Arshad Rana's Novel
type: item
description: Ali Arshad Rana is a modern novelist who reflects the changing trends and techniques in different literary periods, while also addressing social issues through imagery, which is becoming increasingly important in literature. In his novel Jalta Raha Charag Yaqeen-o-Guman Ka, Rana exposes the facade and so-called "doctors" of society, highlighting the crucial role that parents, teachers, and educational institutions play in the education of children. He emphasizes the importance of well trained teachers, who are vital in shaping a nation’s future. In this article it is tried to explore that how author identified the problems and shortcomings in children's education and suggested the solutions to these issues, showcasing the maturity of his social consciousness throughout the novel.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: The literary novelist
  topic: keywords
subject: Trend and technique
  topic: keywords
subject: Child rights
  topic: keywords
subject: Training of child
  topic: keywords
subject: Maturity
  topic: keywords
subject: Social consciousness
  topic: keywords
subject: Trained Teacher
  topic: keywords
subject: xposing Reflection of social issue
  topic: keywords
subject: Social imagery
  topic: keywords
subject: Ali Arshad Rana
  topic: keywords
creator: Maria Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tashkeel
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 85
ending page: 100

Enlightened Islamic Thought in Urdu Writings of Dr. Manzoor Ahmad
type: item
description: Dr. Manzoor Ahmad Khan is a prominent rationalist Islamic scholar who strives to understand religious beliefs, traditions, and teachings through a modern intellectual and rational lens. He believes that the current interpretations of Islam are no longer beneficial for today’s modern society. According to him, Muslims lag behind other nations primarily because they have distanced themselves from reason and intellect. Dr. Manzoor advocates for a new interpretation of Islamic thought and emphasizes the need for fresh methodologies to explore new intellectual avenues within Islam. He is critical of blind conformity (taqlid) and seeks to awaken public consciousness through enlightened thinking. He also stresses the importance of religious tolerance and interfaith dialogue for building a harmonious society. Although he faces criticism from various quarters, Dr. Manzoor boldly points out the flaws present in Islamic societies and also offers constructive solutions. In his view, true enlightenment lies in making Islamic teachings practically relevant and effective in addressing contemporary social issues.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Dr. manzoor Ahmed
  topic: keywords
subject: Enlightment
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic thought
  topic: keywords
subject: Reason and Intellect
  topic: keywords
subject: Rationalism
  topic: keywords
subject: Islam Chand Fikri Masaeil
  topic: keywords
subject: Islam Chand Asri Masaeil
  topic: keywords
subject: Roshan Khayali
  topic: keywords
subject: philosophy
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic teachings
  topic: keywords
subject: Conformity
  topic: keywords
creator: Nazish Ishaq
creator: Dr. Syed Aoun Sajid
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tashkeel
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 13
ending page: 21

Gender Discrimination in Urdu Short Stories: An Analysis of Collection "Adha Insan"
type: item
description: Humans are inherently equal, with no innate superiority or inferiority between men and women. However, society has constructed gender discrimination based on biological differences. In Pakistani society, this discrimination has led to male dominance and the subjugation of women. Urdu fiction often reflects these gender disparities, and Rishi Khan's short story collection Aadha Insan holds significant relevance in this regard. These stories aim to expose the true nature of gender discrimination within Pakistani society, highlighting its presence in various aspects of life. Through themes of education, economics, violence, survival, insecurity, and sexual exploitation, the author vividly portrays the pervasive gender biases. Beyond merely depicting these injustices, the stories also serve as a catalyst for challenging male dominance and advocating for gender equality.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gender Discrimination
  topic: keywords
subject: Adha Insan
  topic: keywords
subject: Sex
  topic: keywords
subject: Gender
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Role
  topic: keywords
subject: nequality
  topic: keywords
subject: Exploitation of Women
  topic: keywords
subject: Rishi Khan
  topic: keywords
subject: Urdu Afsana
  topic: keywords
subject: SDGs
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Farooq
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 73
ending page: 84

Fall of Dhaka and Urdu Novel
type: item
description: The 1971 tragedy is a significant and painful chapter in Pakistan's history, marked by the involvement of global powers with ulterior motives. Wars devastate not only the physical landscape but also the human psyche, leaving individuals helpless and scarred. Literature serves as a crucial medium to articulate these impacts, capturing the internal and external dimensions of war. Among literary forms, the novel stands out for its role in documenting the fall of Dhaka. These novels vividly portray the historical, political, and cultural complexities of the era, offering narratives of disaster, displacement, and human suffering. Through these works, the profound tragedies of war are preserved and explored in their full depth and nuance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: History
  topic: keywords
subject: Tragedy
  topic: keywords
subject: Fall of Dhaka
  topic: keywords
subject: East Pakistan
  topic: keywords
subject: conspiracy
  topic: keywords
subject: Novel, Zara Nam ho to Yeh Mitti
  topic: keywords
subject: Akhir e Shab kay Hamsafar
  topic: keywords
subject: Chalta Musafir
  topic: keywords
subject: Commando
  topic: keywords
subject: Watan KI Mitti Gawah Rehna
  topic: keywords
subject: Allah Maigh Day
  topic: keywords
subject: Do gaz Zameen
  topic: keywords
subject: Sadiyun ki Zanjeer
  topic: keywords
subject: Farar, Khaleej
  topic: keywords
creator: Saman Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 57
ending page: 72

Fiction and Magical Realism: An Analysis of a Story by Mazhar ul Islam
type: item
description: Magical realism is a technique that presents the fusion of reality and magic in such a way that the fantasy and real worlds are indistinguishable and that surprising transcendental elements appear to be connected to everyday affairs. In this technique, the elemental, paranormal world fuse reality with magic seamlessly. The concepts of the paranormal and supernatural are found in cultural and political contexts. This article tends to analyse the elements of magical realism and its uses in the story. This study will be based on the ideas presented in Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community by Parkinson Zamora, and Wendy B. Faris. This analysis will also cover how Mazhar-ul-Islam performed the task of conveying meanings by combining the traditional concept of reality and transcendence using this technique.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Magical Realism
  topic: keywords
subject: Mazhar ul Islam
  topic: keywords
subject: aik kahani bhula deny ky liay
  topic: keywords
subject: Phenomenal World
  topic: keywords
subject: fantasy
  topic: keywords
subject: Parkinson Zamora
  topic: keywords
subject: Wendy B. Faris
  topic: keywords
creator: Javairia Saeed
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 44
ending page: 56

Transformative Translation of Paulo Coelho’s novel: "By the River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept": An Analytical Review
type: item
description: In this article, pragmatic adaptation in Urdu translation by Saeed Ahmad, entitled “Girya bar kinar-e-darya” from the source text of Paulo Coelho’s novel: “by the River Piedra I sat down and wept” has been analyzed and discussed. There is a lot of difference in territorial myths, religious beliefs, social norms and other thinking patterns of the locality of this Brazilian novel then that of Pakistani people. This translated version of the said creative masterpiece is more suitable than any other in the market due to its need-based co-textual changes and particularly coined diction in order to make it acceptable for the target text readers. In spite of all the pragmatic skills and craftsmanship employed, there are some gray areas to be noticed, but ironically which offer a special jouissance to its reader as well. The purpose of this article is to further enhance the interest in harnessing pragmatic adoptations as well as adaptations in translation work more effectively to entertain lexicographical documentations and meet the needs of ideological state like ours.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Paulo Coelho
  topic: keywords
subject: Pragmatic adoptation
  topic: keywords
subject: Transformative Translation
  topic: keywords
subject: Transcultural Interaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Grand Mother
  topic: keywords
subject: Extra martial love
  topic: keywords
subject: Madness of saintliness
  topic: keywords
subject: Magic movement
  topic: keywords
subject: By the River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Muhammad Rauf
creator: Dr. Riaz Ahmad Riaz
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 28
ending page: 43

Tradition of Manuscript Studies in East and West and Contemporary Trends
type: item
description: In this research article, the tradition of identifying the Manuscript and its importance is discussed critically, and in future prospective. A manuscript or Makhtoota’s role is very significant in Literary research. Makhtoota is usually a piece of paper, but this paper depicts untold stories of ancient literature. The western tradition started with the compilation of Holy Bible, in Greek and Latin languages and then to other western languages. There are some famous names including, Dr. Moheen Uddin Qadri Zaoor, Moulvi Abdul Haq, Hafiz Mahmood Sherani, Mushfiq Khawaja, Moulana Imtiaz Ali Arshi, Kalique Anjum, Rasheed Hassan Khan and Dr. Jamil Jalbi.This important academic activity of Manuscript identifying, is as much as relevant to the research scholars as it was relevant in the past.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Identifying Manuscripts
  topic: keywords
subject: tradition
  topic: keywords
subject: Makhtoota Shanasi
  topic: keywords
subject: compilation
  topic: keywords
subject: tadveen
  topic: keywords
subject: text
  topic: keywords
subject: qalmi nuskha
  topic: keywords
subject: printing
  topic: keywords
subject: composing
  topic: keywords
subject: Qadri zaoor
  topic: keywords
subject: Abdul Haq
  topic: keywords
creator: Ejaz Raziq Awan
creator: Dr. Saima Nazir
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 19
ending page: 27

A Deconstructive Study of Urdu Short Story"Aanandi"
type: item
description: Ghulam Abbas is an important Urdu fiction writer of the 20th century. “Anandi” is one of his representative short stories. This story shows the double standards of society and exploitive behaviors prevailing in society. However, a close study of the text reveals that it revolves around the settlement of a new city and related details. There are many technical gaps in the story. In this paper, the textual and deconstructive study of Anandi will bring out all the gaps in it, which will present a new understanding of this short story.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ghulam Abbas
  topic: keywords
subject: Anandi
  topic: keywords
subject: Urdu Short Story
  topic: keywords
subject: deconstruction
  topic: keywords
subject: deconstructive study
  topic: keywords
subject: close study
  topic: keywords
subject: textual study
  topic: keywords
subject: gaps
  topic: keywords
subject: Binary Oppositions
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Ghulam Farida
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 9
ending page: 18

Existentialism, Environmentalism and Maut ki Kitaab
type: item
description: Khalid Javed is a prominent name in modern Urdu fiction. His work holds unique and distinct significance in Urdu literature. His novel Maut ki Kitab was first published in 2011. Although it is a short novel, it is considered a masterpiece due to its theme, language and philosophical depth. According to critics, Khalid Javed presents the existential crisis of contemporary man in this novel. This article presents a study of this novel in the context of Existentialism and Ecological crisis. The writer argues that the extential crisis in Khalid Javed’s work is not isolated, it is interwined with environmental crisis and corporate culture.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Novel
  topic: keywords
subject: Modern fiction
  topic: keywords
subject: Sartre
  topic: keywords
subject: Existentialism
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmentalism
  topic: keywords
subject: Crisis
  topic: keywords
subject: Mout ki Kitab
  topic: keywords
subject: Khalid Javed
  topic: keywords
subject: Mahooliyat
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Aurangzeb Niazi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 1
ending page: 8

Social and Literary Perspectives of Feminism: An Expository Study
type: item
description: This article deals with the multifaceted landscape of contemporary feminism, examining its evolution, challenges and triumphs in the 21st century. Sacrifice, mercy, selfness and loyalty are the jewels of a women. Through a socio-literary lens, it explores the intersectionality of feminism, addressing issues of race, class, sexuality, and gender identity. By analyzing the diverse voices within the feminist movement, from grassroots activism to academic discourse, this study aims to highlight a comprehensive explaination of feminism's relevance and impact in today's society. Through nuanced exploration, it seeks to contribute to ongoing conversations surrounding gender equality and social justice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urdu literature, Feminism, Socio-cultural, Socio-literary, analysis, Expository study, gender equality, sexuality, social jistice
  topic: keywords
creator: Tehniyat Rubab
creator: Neel Zahra
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-05-22
publication date: 2024-05-22
starting page: 107
ending page: 119

The War Frenzy of Global Power in the Context of Novel “Pagal Khana”: An Analytical Study
type: item
description: By the end of the 20th century, the world had evolved into a rudimentary form of a global village. With the beginning of the 21st century, the world turned upside down, and everything took on an artificial form. The narratives of caste, colour, race, politics, society, culture, civilization, and the entire way of life are changing. The obsession with border-bound power ran rampant, and the desire for global power fueled the madness of global wars, destroying everything in their path. Hijab Imtiaz Ali Taj's novel "Pagal Khana" gives a detailed analysis of the above situation. This novel shows the entire social culture of the late 20th century changing completely in the 21st century. This article consists of a special study of the political, cultural, and social narratives of the novel "Pagal khana" in the face of the narrative of global power. This article is a lamentation for the decline of the social situation that is ready to fall due to the decline of political chaos, and it is also a rich lesson that encourages the reader to read and think.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Global Village, 21st Century, Social Decay, 9/11, Democracy, Politics, America, Japan, Pakistan, Social media, Peasant, Third World, World Frame Order, Atomic Bomb, Depression, Hiroshima, Poland, Scientific Inventions.
creator: Imama Riasat
creator: Mohsin Khalid Mohsin
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-05-22
publication date: 2024-05-22
starting page: 87
ending page: 106

“Mir Shanasi” in Histories of Urdu Literature: A Research Study
type: item
description: In this article it has been analyzed that how Urdu historians and researchers explored the poetic horizons of Mir Taqi Mir by studying his life through his books. All the historians gave Proper significance to Mir's autobiography and evaluated his theories and ideas. They basically got information from the early memoir ''Zikr e Mir''. When we minutely study this historical analysis, we come to know that the influences of Mir cannot be denied on Sauda and his contemporaries. Ghalib and all poets have acknowledged his mastery and perfection. A number of historians also realized the worth of Mir's poetry. They compared Mir's poetic diction with his contemporaries and proved Mir's superiority. Urdu history revealed Mir's criticism trends. Although literature of Urdu history started in 20th century yet a parallel Mir criticism can be seen obviously. History of Urdu literature is considered the primary source of Mir’s criticism. In this regard, it has been thoroughly studied historians’ remarks on Mir's life and poetry that may be much fruitful to comprehend the real stature of Mir Taqi Mir.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mir criticism, history of Urdu literature, tradition and trend, History of Urdu Literature, Zikr e Mir, Mir's autobiography.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Mazhar Hussain Mazhar
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-05-22
publication date: 2024-05-22
starting page: 71
ending page: 86

Distinctions of Form, Technique and Style in Urdu Poetry of Siddique Shahid
type: item
description: Siddique Shahid is a poet renowned for his simple and measured tone, deeply rooted in the classical genres of Urdu poetry, particularly the Ghazal. His work reflects traditional influences while integrating contemporary themes, with travel and the multifaceted emotions of love—such as separation, union, dispassion, indifference, and self-surrender—serving as central motifs. Shahid's poetry is distinguished by its elegance and beauty, capturing the refinement of classical ghazals alongside a light infusion of modern sensibilities. This blend of traditional and contemporary elements narrates the ongoing evolution of the ghazal, illustrating how it adapts to new rhythms amidst changing times, thereby presenting a dynamic interplay of historical and modern influences.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Siddique Shahid, Urdu Poetry, dispassion, Distinctions, Form, Technique, Style.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Ijaz Naseem
creator: Dr. Amtul Latif
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-05-22
publication date: 2024-05-22
starting page: 63
ending page: 70

The Calamity of local Identity in Novel “Adh Adhooray Log”
type: item
description: Novel "Adh Adhooray Log" is written in the historical background of Bahawalpur State (former). Historical identity of the state has been spoiled under a conspiracy. Bahawalpur State was a prosperous state before partition. Being a Muslim state Bahawalpur joined Pakistan but this proved fatal for the state and its inhabitants. This novel portrait historical events and individuals with their psychological complications. After Jinah's death, people in power deprived Bahawalpur of its identity first and then provincial rights. Poverty, hunger, and inferiority complex became the fate of people of the state. This novel is the tragic story of such people. This research article intends to makes an analysis of the awareness produced by the novel's historical, cultural, and political dimensions in the context of Bahawalpur State.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hafeez Khan, Adh Adhooray Log, Bahawalpur Prosperous State, Historical Novel, Tragic Story, Cultural and Political Novel.
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Asif Raza
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-05-22
publication date: 2024-05-22
starting page: 47
ending page: 62

William Empson and New Criticism: Representation of Seven Types of Ambiguity in Urdu Poetry
type: item
description: Seven Types of Ambiguity is a method of close reading of literary text. In other words, it shows the effects of poetry and enhances the reader's curiosity and understanding of a piece of poetry by segregating the linguistic properties of the text. William Empson explored that words or references in poetry are mostly ambiguous and, if showcased coherently, convey multiple meanings that may enrich the reader’s admiration of the work. In this article, Urdu poetry has been compared with English poetry to understand the criteria of ambiguity. In the Urdu world, every poem and verse are misconceived as ambiguous, which is difficult to understand. Urdu critics consider ambiguous poems to be meaningless. This work seeks to analyze Urdu poetry in light of William Empsons views.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: New Criticism, William Empson, Ambiguity, seven types, Close reading, synesthesia, Anomoiosis, Personification, Sense, feeling, intention, Tone.
  topic: keywords
creator: Tauqir Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-05-22
publication date: 2024-05-22
starting page: 26
ending page: 46

Foregrounding in Majeed Amjad’s Lyrical Poetry: An Analytical Study
type: item
description: Foregrounding is a linguistic device that comprises grammatical, phonetic and semantic deviations. Majeed Amjad (1914-1974CE) expresses philosophies of time, life and death in his lyrics. To maintain the delicacy of lyrical genre and to make communication uncomplicated, he used various deviations in language, due to which foregrounding occurs. This research article tends to analyze that how Amjad’s foregrounded language has influenced the artistic essence, semantic system of lyrics, comprehension of philosophy and conveyance of aim, by reviewing diverse points of linguistic deviation in his lyrics. To accomplish the objective, foregrounding theories proposed by Mukarovsky and Khalīl Ahmad Baig are considered. According to these concepts, to use the language beside the prevailing meanings, dictations and rules or with verbal and syntactic recapitulation (Parallelism) causes foregrounding, moreover an artist foregrounds the language to produce the aesthetic essence in the art.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Linguistics, Stylistic, Foregrounding, Deviation, Semantics, Parallelism, Majeed Amjad, Lyrical Poetry, Mukarovsky, Khalil Ahmad Baig, Rhythm, Music, Songs, Shab-i Rafta, Kuliyat-i Majeed Amjad
  topic: keywords
creator: Hala Ameena Ali
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2024-05-22
publication date: 2024-05-22
starting page: 1
ending page: 25

A Research Study of Tradition of Nastalgia in Urdu Literature
type: item
description: The term nostalgia is commonly used in Psychology. It is a sentimental yearning of pleasure and sadness that is caused by remembering something from the past. The nostalgia is observed throughout the tradition of Urdu poetry and prose. This technique is widely used by modern Urdu poets such as Nasir Kazmi, Munir Niazi, Faiz Ahmad Faiz and Ahmad Rahi. The trend of nostalgia is dominant among the modern Urdu prose writers as well like Intizar Hussain, Qurat-ul Ain Haider, Abdullah Hussain, Raam Lal and Mushtaq Ahamd Yousufi. The migration during the partition of India is expressed as dominant nostalgic phenomenon in Urdu literature.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nostalgia, Restorative, Reflective, Homesickness, sadness, pleasure, Migration, Past, memory, Partition, Nasir Kazmi, Intizar Hussain.
  topic: keywords
creator: Hira Naveed
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2023-12-28
publication date: 2023-12-28
starting page: 89
ending page: 105

Discourse of Resistance in Literature and Society
type: item
description: Resistance is derived from the Arabic word 'Zahma' which means obstacle or opposition. As a term Resistance means protest and practical struggle against all kinds of oppression. Literature itself is a resistance act, so such literature which seems to be an expression of Prevention, libertarianism, protest, rebellion, defection, revolution or any such spirit will be called resistance literature. In such a case, it would not be wrong to say that there are as many types of resistance in the world as there are types of oppression. The article under consideration covers the discourse of resistance in literature and society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Resistance, Prevention, libertarianism, protest, rebellion, defection, revolution, discourse
  topic: keywords
creator: Adeel Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2023-12-28
publication date: 2023-12-28
starting page: 69
ending page: 88

An Analytical Study of Ahmad Javed’s Short Story writing
type: item
description: Ahmed Javed is a fiction writer who made his mark after 1960 promoting symbolic fiction. He published four volumes of short stories as his legacy, i.e. “Ghair Aalamati Kahani, Chidya Ghar, Gum-Shuda Shehar Ki Dastan and Raat Ki Rani”. He has written mostly on topics regarding resistance, political coercion, social stagnation, human exploitation and gender discrimination. This article comprises analytical and critical study of his short stories.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ahmad Javed, Urdu Short Stories, Symbolism, Resistance, Ghair Alamti Kahani, Chidya Ghar, Gum-shuda Shehar Ki Dastan, Raat ki Rani, stagnation, exploitation, gender discrimination.
  topic: keywords
creator: Aftab Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2023-12-28
publication date: 2023-12-28
starting page: 57
ending page: 68

A Brief Study of Mustansar Hussain Tarar’s Dramatic collection “Murat”
type: item
description: Mustansar Hussain Tarar is widely recognized and celebrated as one of Pakistan's leading figures of fiction. He wrote many dramas and plays for television in Urdu and Punjabi as well. This article intends to explore the highlighted themes and characters in the dramas of his collection “Murat”. The first drama “Murat” focuses on the continuous struggle of men to attain the purposes in life. The second drama “Dasht-e Tanhai” construes the conflict between matter and spirit. The third drama “Abath Bad Naam” highlights the bleak-outcomes and downsides of commendatory system. The fourth drama “Paani ka Qaidi” elucidates the unpaid and rewardless struggle of parents in the upbringing of their children. The fifth drama “Mehak” illustrates the patriotic sentiments while the last drama of the collection shed light on the strengths of disable persons and gives hope by clarifying that the physical disability should not be taken as the weakness which may stops one to attain the goals. His optimistic approach of believing in constant strive to gain the successes is the essense of his dramas.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Urdu Drama, TV Play, Murat, Dasht-e-Tanhai, Abath Bad Naam, Paani ka Qaidi, Mehak, Jangal Ka Raasta
  topic: keywords
creator: Komal Shahzadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2023-12-28
publication date: 2023-12-28
starting page: 45
ending page: 56

Symbolism in Urdu Short Stories: An Analytical and Critical Study
type: item
description: The symbolist movement emerged in France in the late nineteenth century and after some period it entered in English Literature. It entered in Urdu Literature through English literature. It influenced many genres of Urdu Literature, one of which is Urdu Short Fiction. Ahmad Ali, Karishan Chander, Rajinder Singh Bedi, Manto, Mumtaz Shirin, Hasan Askari and Quratul Ain Haider wrote irregular symbolic short fiction in Urdu. The status of Intizar Hussain is like that of a founder in this scenario. Anwar Sajjad, Khalida Hussain, Surender Parkash, Balraj Manra, Masood Asher, Ikram Ullah, Asad Muhammad Khan, Rasheed Amjid, Mansha Yad, Ahmad Dawood, Ahmad Javed, Mazhar ul Islam, Hamid Baig and Saleem Akhtar are major symbolic short fiction writers. Some of them use concrete and deep symbols, others use abstract symbols. All such writers use symbolism in various ways to express their feelings, thoughts and problems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: symbolism, symbol, Urdu short stories, analytical, critical, study, short fiction, abstract.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Parvaiz Akhtar Naeem
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2023-12-28
publication date: 2023-12-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 14

A Study of De-Colonial Trends in Short Stories of Prem Chand
type: item
description: The most important literary figure of colonial era against the dominant imperialist designs was the Prem Chand. He knew all the traits of imperialism and had been trying to deconstruct them. He wished a system which is free from exploitation. Contemporary age occupies a paramount place in his novels. This contemporary age has linked with political and mental exploitations of colonial masters. He challenged, at every level, all the imperialist agendas and also those who were complicit. Extensive study of his novels reveals his rejection of imperialism, patriotism, non-cooperative policy, sodaishi movement, attempt of Hindu Muslim unity and revolutionary movement. His strong protest and resistant against suppressive colonial institutions, their corrosive impacts on society, colonial aristocratic and capitalists also show his de-colonial tendency. In this article those novels of Prem Chand are discussed which de-colonial trends.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Prem Chand, colonialism, patriotism, freedom, resistance, anti-imperialism, De-colonial, Conflict, Capitalism, De-construction.
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Aamir Sohail
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Tashkeel
date: 2023-12-28
publication date: 2023-12-28
starting page: 27
ending page: 44

Linguistic Links between Balochi and Urdu Language
type: item
description: The Balochi language holds a significant position among the languages spoken in Pakistan. The accent of the Balochi language is categorized into two variations, Estern Balochi accent and western Balochi accent that is influenced by diverse civilizations, ethnicities and cultures. Geographical, social and cultural differences exist between the both accents of Balochi language. Clear signs of linkage between Urdu and Balochi can be observed by analyzing the sounds of words and scripts. Numerous Balochi words, proverbs and idioms have been borrowed from the Urdu language. There are similarities in the literary genres of both languages as well.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Farzana Khadarzai
creator: Dr. Kiran Dawood Butt
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tashkeel
date: 2023-12-28
publication date: 2023-12-28
starting page: 15
ending page: 26